Discuss in detail classical and modern philosophies and relation to Education?
INTRODUCTION
TO PHILOSOPHY
Progress of human civilization is that the product of
education, but the solution to each educational question is ultimately
influenced by our philosophy of life. Philosophy wants to know a man in reference
to the entire universe nature and God.
Discuss in detail classical and modern philosophies and relation to Education
IDEALISM
Idealism is one among the oldest schools of thought within
the world of philosophy, originating inhuman nature itself, continuing from the
primitive man to his present counterpart in some modified former the opposite.
From the idealistic and point it's
overtonesofspiritualitysinceitbelievesthattheultimateexistingelementisspiritualinnatu
re. the whole universe is an extension of them in do soul. From the
epistemological standpoint it's better called Idealism, implying thereby
that thought or idea has greater validity than the object.
Idealism
in Education
Ever since knowledge dawned in the human mind man has been
brooding about problems ontological, epistemological, eschatological, and
axiological. The questions of philosophy within the beginning of human
knowledge were everywhere mixed with psychological problems. Thus, psychology
within the beginning was concerned with the character of the mind and therefore
the processes of consciousness. As men lived in small groups and therefore the
society was generally confined to a specific village, city or group of
villages, the solutions offered were simple.
Types of
Realism
The main sorts of realism are the following:
• Naive realism. this is often propounded by the sense
consistent with which objects are independent of mind whether or not they are
known or not. The object possesses its own qualities. Knowledge doesn't affect the
thing. the thing is precisely what it's seen to be. Objects are known directly
and objects are common for all.
• Representationism. This theory is that the product
of Locke's mind. It states that the object's existence is independent of data
but metaphysical thought depends upon the mind. Primary, objective, individual
and secondary qualities are inherent within the object. Knowledge doesn't
impress upon the thing but it can influence metaphysical thought. Thoughts are
the representations of objects.
• Neo-Realism. this is often a completely unique approach to
the Platonic theory of reality. during this theory, it's believed that the
entire object isn't the topic of data but its aspects are and that they are
independent of data. The qualities of the thing are it is own and knowledge
doesn't affect them.
• Critical Realism. the idea was first propounded in America
at the turn of the century and is critical in nature. It also believes that the
existence of objects doesn't depend on knowledge in any way.
• These different theories of realism are arranged so as of
their historical appearance and none of them has been found to satisfy
completely.
Philosophical
sorts of Naturalism
From the standpoint of philosophical principles, the
subsequent three sorts of naturalism are distinguished:
1) Naturalism of the physical world. This principle seeks
to elucidate human actions, individual experiences, emotions, and feelings on
the idea of physical sciences. It seeks to elucidate the whole universe within
the light of the principles of physical sciences.
2) Mechanical positivism. consistent with this
principle, the whole universe may be a machine made from matter and is
possessed of self-driving energy that ensures its functioning.
3) Biological naturalism. it's naturalism during this
form, as biological naturalism, which has had the best impact upon education.
Curriculum
As a system of philosophy, naturalism has been exceptionally
vulnerable to the event of science, and by virtue of this influence it's
attached much importance to evolutionary theory, empirical teaching and
scientific analysis, etc.
Educational
Methods
Naturalist education is paidocentric. the kid occupies the
central place in it. The child, so as to develop, should be left on its own.
Society or the state shouldn't interfere in his contact with nature.
Pragmatism
in Education
Pragmatism emerged because the twentieth-century revolution against the nineteenth-century rationalism, dogmatism, universalism, and monism, etc. On the idea of their philosophy, pragmatists refuted the doctrines of other thinkers within the sphere of education and presented their own novel propositions.
The Aim
of Education
The aim of education, consistent with existentialism, is
that the realization of inner truth. Contemporary mechanical and industrial
life has alienated Homo sapiens sapiens. he's filled with anxieties,
frustrations, fears and guilts. he's lonely though within the crowd. His
individuality is being corrupt
Child-Centred
Education
Existential education is child-centered. It gives full
freedom to the kid. The teacher should help the kid to understand himself and
recognize his being. Freedom is required for natural development.
Curriculum
Existentialist's approach to education is nearly an
inversion of the realist approach. within the field of curriculum, while the
realists exclusively emphasize science, the existentialists determine that
science and objective education serves our relation with ourselves.
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